• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:FR3017760A1
    申请号:FR1551156
    申请日:2015-02-12
    公开日:2015-08-21
    发明作者:Thomas Wandel
    申请人:Robert Bosch GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a station of participants of a bus system and a method for increasing the data rate in the bus system according to which errors in the data transmission result in the disconnection. of the data transmission by the stations of participants who are not concerned by the transmission of the data. State of the art The CAN bus system is widely used for communication between sensors and control devices. In a CAN bus system, the messages are transmitted according to the CAN protocol as described in the CAN specification according to ISO 11898. However, as the number of intelligent sensors increases and the nesting of the control devices in a As the vehicle increases, this translates into an increasingly large increase in the number of CAN bus participants and the amount of data in the CAN bus. Document DE10 000 305 A 1 describes the CAN bus (zone controller network) as well as its extension TTCAN (Time Trigger CAN) (that is to say CAN triggered in time). The media access control method in the CAN bus is based on bit arbitration. According to the CAN protocol, arbitration by bit is done using a dominant identifier in the message transmitted by the bus. As already described in DE 10 2012 200 997, in case of bit arbitration, several participant stations can simultaneously transmit data through the bus system without the data transmission being disturbed. More recently, technical solutions have been proposed, such as, for example, the CAN-FD protocol with messages corresponding to the CAN specification with Flexible DataRate, Specification Version 1.0 "(which http://www.semiconductors.bosch In such technical solutions the maximum data rate is increased by the use of a higher rate in the field of data fields beyond a 1 Mbps level. increases the data rate of systems in which this bit rate was previously limited by the bus length of the system The bus topology plays an important role for the transmission without reflection and thus fast data. there are only two participant stations connected to a CAN bus, in which case the bus ends can be ideally closed, which avoids reflections in the line To save transmission cable and make real use However, in practice, it is desirable in practice to be able to connect as many CAN stations as possible to a bus. But the difficulty is that at each derivation of the lines of data reflections are generated to the transmission of the data. These reflections are superimposed on the original signals and disturb their reception by a receiver. The higher the number of reflections, the more the data rate must be slowed to transmit the signal in an even more reliable way. To guarantee the security of the transmission, the CAN protocol provides an error treatment also called error handling. According to this error handling protocol, each CAN participant station checks all the signals on the CAN bus and in case of recognized error, it cuts the transmission with an error frame. Even CAN participant stations that are not involved in the communication because they do not process the signals transmitted by the CAN bus intervene in the communication between transmitter and receiver. Interference signals on the CAN bus act differently on the CAN participant stations. The influence of the disturbances is all the greater as the useful signal is damped with respect to the disturbances. In general, the quality of the signal is even worse if the line between the source of disturbance and the receiver is short and the line between the transmitter and the receiver is long. It can thus happen that the receiver could receive the signal without error while a CAN participant station not concerned by the communication detects an error and disturbs the signal by an error message. Thus, the transmitter has to send back the signal, which increases the load on the CAN bus and unnecessarily slows down the transmission of data. To be able to recognize with certainty a signal with error, it suffices in the majority of the cases to exploit the signal CRC.
    [0002] It is also possible to increase even more data throughput if in the CAN frame the data is transmitted in a similar way to data transmission protocols, such as Ethernet. However, such protocols can not be used as they are now.
    [0003] Another difficulty is that in the design of a CAN network or bus system it is necessary to establish for each station of participants taken separately, the times at which it is necessary to detect a bit. This setting is also called Bit Timing. Depending on the participant station receiving the signal, there are other optimum times for error-free reception. However, the times can not be varied depending on the station of participants that is transmitting. Therefore, in the design of a CAN network or bus system, it is necessary to find a compromise for the best moments taking into account all the stations of participants. Notably, in designing a network with multiple CAN-FD participants it is difficult to set the times so that all participants can receive the signal without error. If you can not find any suitable time, the solution is to reduce the data rate in the bus. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to develop a station of participants of a bus system and a management method of this bus system to avoid the difficulties described above. In particular, the object of the invention is to develop a bus system participant station and method in which disturbances in the CAN bus do not increase the load of the CAN bus and do not reduce the throughput of the bus. transmission data and which simplify the design of the CAN network or bus system. DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the invention relates to a station of participants of a bus system comprising an installation for receiving a message from at least one other station of participants of the bus system by via the bus system which at least from time to time ensures exclusive collision-free access of a participant station to a line of the bus system, a verification facility to check whether the message received is or is not destined for the participant station and an error processing facility for processing the received message error if verification by the verification facility shows that the received message is destined for the participant station. The participant station avoids that the signals which may be correctly received by certain receivers are disturbed by the stations of participants who are not concerned with the transmission of the data. Thus, the use of CAN-FD is expanded and a higher maximum data rate in a CAN bus is reached than previously possible. In addition, the design of the CAN network or bus system is simplified because it is no longer necessary to perform bit synchronization for the participant stations. Thus, the participant station is suitable for use in faster systems, such as the CAN-FD system or the like. The participant station defined above is suitable for use in the CAN-FD system, even in applications that previously did not allow the data rate to be increased. Such applications are for example bus topologies which hitherto did not allow the CAN-FD protocol to be used because of the reflections in the lines. In many cases, it is sufficient to develop as above, the stations of participants who are particularly concerned with line reflections. In addition, the participant station described above makes it possible to increase the maximum data transfer rate in the CAN-FD system. Another advantage is that the participant station described above makes it possible to increase the data rate by transmitting the messages in a manner similar to other data transmission protocols, such as for example Ethernet, in a substantially 35 easier.
    [0004] In addition, this participant station is very advantageous for applications in which successively different manufacturers connect more and more stations of participants to the bus line. The participant station that performs Error Handling makes the bus system more robust to the subsequent branching of other participant stations. According to the invention, the verification facility verifies whether the received message has a predefined bit pattern that indicates whether or not the received message is destined for the participant station.
    [0005] The verification installation performs its verification using the message identifier contained in the received message. According to one variant, the verification installation eliminates, in its verification, messages for the station from participants who have or have not a message identifier having a certain bit pattern.
    [0006] The error handling facility does not perform any error handling if the check made by the verification facility shows that the received message is not destined for that participant station and transmits a message frame. error if verification by the verification facility shows that the received message is intended for that participant station and if the error handling facility detects an error in the received message. According to another feature, the verification facility transmits the message identifier contained in the message for the participant station to the communication control facility of that participant station to set the detection times of a bit of the message according to the message identifier of the participant station, identifier contained in the message. The installation may comprise a transmitter / receiver installation in addition to sending a message by the bus system to at least one other bus system participant station, the message having a predefined bit pattern in the message identifier. . The participant station described above may be part of a bus system having a bus line and at least two participant stations connected by the bus line to communicate with each other. At least one of the two participant stations is a participant station as described above. The invention also relates to a method for increasing the data rate in a bus system comprising the steps of: receiving by a transceiver facility from the participant station a message from another station of bus system participants via the bus system which at least occasionally ensures exclusive collision-free access from a bus station to a bus system bus line, check with a verification facility whether the received message is or is not destined to the participant station and process the error using an error handling facility in the received message only if the verification made the verification facility shows that the message received is intended for the participants station.
    [0007] The verification installation uses a memory installation when connecting and disconnecting the error handling installation, and the memory installation or other memory installation is used to check whether predefined received messages have been received. deleted for participant stations for reasons other than error handling. The method according to the invention has the advantages of the participant station as indicated above. Drawings The present invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of an example of a participant station and a method of increasing the data rate in a bus system shown in the accompanying drawings in which same references are used for the same elements in the different figures.
    [0008] Thus: FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a bus system corresponding to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is an example of a list used by a first embodiment of the participant station, FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of the method, FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the method, and FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram of a third embodiment of FIG. a bus system. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a bus system 1, for example a CAN bus system, a CAN-FD bus system or the like. The bus system 1 applies to a vehicle, including a motor vehicle, a plane or an organization such as a hospital. According to FIG. 1, the bus system 1 comprises a set of participant stations 10, 20, 30 respectively connected to a bus line 40. The bus line 40 makes it possible to transmit messages 41, 42, 43 in the form of signals between the different participant stations 10, 20, 30. The messages 41, 42, 43 each have a message identifier 411, 421, 431 also called CAN-ID in the CAN bus system. The participant stations 10, 20, 30 are, for example, control devices or display devices or sensors of a motor vehicle. According to FIG. 1, the participant station 10 has a communication control installation 11, a verification installation 12, a memory installation 13, an error processing installation 14 and a transceiver installation 15. however, a participant station 20 has a communication control facility 11 and a transceiver facility 15. The participant station 30 as the participant station 10 has a communication control facility 11, a verification facility 12, a memory installation 13, an error processing installation 14 and a transceiver installation 15. The transmitter / receiver installations 15 of the participating stations 10, 20, 30 are connected each time directly to the bus line 40 even if it is not shown as such in FIG. 1. The communication control installation 11 controls the communication of the different stations of participants 10, 20, 30 by the bus line 40 with another participant station among the participant stations 10, 20, 30 connected to the bus line 40. The verification installation 12, the memory installation 13 and the installation error processing 14 serve to increase the data rate in the bus line 40 for the messages 41, 42, 43 received by the transceiver facility 15 and to simplify the design of the bus system 1 like this will be detailed next. The communication control facility 11 may be implemented as a usual CAN controller. The transmitter / receiver installation 15 may have a transmission function such as that of a conventional CAN transmitter. Thus the two participant stations 10, 30 make it possible to increase the data rate in the bus line 40 and to simplify the design of the bus system 1. The participant station 20 corresponds on the other hand to a usual CAN participant station for its transmission function and its reception function. Several participant stations 10, 20, 30 are active in the CAN bus system; they transmit their message 41, 42, 43 with a message identifier 411, 421, 431. The message identifiers 411, 421, 431 are used for arbitration in the arbitration phases. After an arbitration, only one of the stations of participants among the stations 10, 20, 30 transmits the signals in the form of one or more messages 41, 42, 43 in the bus line 40. From this moment, each listening station 10, 20, 30 can observe the signals of the bus, i.e. the messages 41, 42, 43.
    [0009] When, for example, the transceiver installation 15 of the participant station 10 receives a message 42, the verification facility 12 of this station 10 determines with the aid of the message identifier 421 contained in the message 42 if this message 42 is intended for this participant station 10 or not. For this, the verification installation 12 compares the identifier 421 contained in the message 42 with one or more message identifiers contained in the memory installation 13. FIG. 2 shows a list 130 in which the identifiers are stored. stored in the memory installation 13. The list 130 may also be in the form of a network. In FIG. 2 according to the present exemplary embodiment, only the message identifiers 421 are recorded. If necessary, the list 130 can also contain the recording of other message identifiers schematized by the points of the list 130. The list 130 indicates that the messages 42 from the participant station 20 are not destined for the participant station 10 and must not be processed for this reason by the error processing facility 14. According to a variant of the present example embodiment, the list 130 also indicates that the messages 42 from the participant station 20 are intended for the station of participants 10 and must be processed by the error processing facility 14. The participant station 10 is designed to receive the messages 42 from the participant station 20, but not to perform error processing. Error processing is performed only for the messages 43 of the participant station 30 and any other participant stations of the bus system 1 which are not represented. According to a variant of the present exemplary embodiment, the participant station 10 eliminates the messages 42 from the participant station 20 intended for the station 10. The participant station 10 can thus reduce to the minimum the reserved quantity of reception messages, because not all the messages 42 are held separately in the memory facility 13 of the participant station 10. Instead, complete identification areas are associated with a participant station 10, 20, 30. Thus, some messages constituting a signal are discarded according to the present example by the participant station 10, namely the messages 42. The messages 42 are not deposited in the memory installation of the station 10 and no interruption of the processing data will be triggered in the participant station 10.
    [0010] For example, the check with the verification facility 12 used to discard the messages 42 as described above can also be done with bit patterns, determined, in the message identifier such as: - xxxx000xxxx, for the message identifier 411 of the first participant station 10 constituting the first station of the bus system 1, - = (x001 = (x, for the message identifier 421 of the participant station 20 constituting the second station of the system of bus 1, and - = (x111 = (x, for the message identifier 431 of the participant station 30 as the station 30 which is the eighth participant station of the bus system 1; any bit of the message identifier 411, 412, 413. If the verification facility 12 using the list 130 of the memory facility 13 recognizes that the received message has a message identifier corresponding to the bit pattern = (x001 = (x, then the installatio No verification 12 couples the error processing facility 14. After a certain duration in the bus system 1 to receive the message 42, the verification installation 12 restores the error processing facility 14. This situation Figure 3 shows a flowchart of a method for increasing the data rate of a bus system using the participant stations 10, 30 of the bus system 1. After the start of the method, the transceiver installation 15 of the participant station 10 receives a message 42 and stores it in a memory installation, for example memory installation 13. The process then proceeds to step S2. In step S2, the verification facility 12 of the participant station 10 checks whether the message 42 is destined for the participation station 10. The verification installation 12 compares the message identifier 421 of the received message 42 with the or the message identifiers of the list 130. If the message identifier 421 of the received message 42 is contained in the list 130, which is the case for the list 130 presented in FIG. 2, the operation continues with step S3. Otherwise, the operation continues with step S6. In step S3, i.e., if the message 42 is not for the participant station 10, the verification facility 12 couples the error processing facility 14 of the participant station 10 Then go to step S4. According to step S4 it is determined whether the time available in the bus system 1 to receive the message 42 is complete. If this duration is completed, go to step S5. In step S5, the verification facility 12 restores the error processing facility 14 of the participant station 10. Then, it returns to step 51. If a message other than the message 42 has been received, for example message 43, continue with step S6. In step S6, the error processing facility 14 determines in its error handling whether or not the received message 43 is erroneous. If the received message 43 is wrong, go to step S7. Otherwise, continue with step S8.
    [0011] In step S7, the error processing facility 14 transmits an error frame 141 in the bus line 40 by the transceiver facility 15 of the participant station 10 and this frame arrives in the other stations. participant stations 20, 30. Then we return to step 51.
    [0012] In step S8, i.e. in the absence of an error in the message 43, the error processing facility 14 transmits the message 43 to the communication control facility 11 or a corresponding memory facility accessed by the communication control facility 11 to process the other data of the message 43 for the participant station 10. And then it returns to step 51. The process ends when the participant station 10 Respectively, or the bus system 1 are cut off. In particular, steps S4 and S5 can be performed in a different manner as long as it is possible to connect and cut the error processing facility 14, as described above. Thus, the error processing facility 14 and the participant station 10 according to the present exemplary embodiment no longer issue an error frame 141 if the participant station 20 sends a message 42 via the bus line 40. In addition, the error processing facility 14 can no longer check the message 42 for an error. The error processing facility 14 performs error processing with verification of the received message to detect an error and issue an error frame upon detection of an error in the received message only if the verification made by the verification facility 12 indicates that the received message is destined for the participant station 10. The participant station 30 functions in the same way as the participant station 10. In this way, in case of an error message in the the bus system 1, there is no longer cut data transmission by the participant stations 10, 30 if they are not concerned with the transmission of data. Bit timing is also eliminated without reducing the data rate. As another modification of the present exemplary embodiment, the verification installation 12 can also send the identifier 411, 421, 431 contained in the message 41, 42, 43 to the communication control installation 11. The communication control installation 11 can set the instants of the detection of a bit of the messages 41, 42, 43 according to the identifier 411, 421, 431 of the message 41, 42, 43 of the participant station. 10, 30, 50. This solution has the advantage in case the bus system is designed to nevertheless perform bit synchronization and there is no compromise for this bit synchronization, this does not result in a necessary reduction in the data rate. In particular, if several CAN participants wish to receive the same CAN-FT signal, it is advantageous to have an individual time synchronization corresponding to the CAN-ID or message identifier which can also be called individual bit synchronization for CAN. -ID. FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the verification installation 12. The verification installation 12 suppresses the error processing by the error-handling installation 14. In this case, the process is suppressed. of increasing the data rate in step S2, as shown in FIG. 4. In addition, step S6 is directly connected to step S3. For the rest, the participant station 10 is as in the first embodiment.
    [0013] This realization of the verification installation 12 is interesting, for example for smart sensors that do not need a reliable reception or that issue exclusively messages. Examples of such sensors in the case of a vehicle include the rain sensor, the oil pressure sensor or other sensor of this type. Figure 5 mounts a bus system 2 corresponding to a third embodiment. In this case, the verification facility 12 of a participant station 50 uses its memory installation 13 to connect and cut the error processing facility 14 as described with reference to the first embodiment. for steps S2-S5. However, if for another verification of the messages, such as the deletion of certain messages for the participant stations 10, 20, 30, for other reasons than the error processing, there will be another memory installation. 16. This solution has the advantage that error messages that are not requested by the participant station 10 or that could be of interest to guarantee comfort features and do not delay security messages and that are critical in the time. By way of example, there is the emission of the message of an oil pressure sensor or a lighting operation sensor or the like which is not necessary for the wiper drive. . On the other hand, the verification installation 12 of the participant station 10 uses the memory installation 13 at a time to connect and cut the error processing installation 14 and also to check the messages, for example to delete some of the messages. messages for participant stations 10, 20, 30, for reasons other than error handling. In this case, each error message 42, 43 which is processed by the participant station 10 delays the communication of the following messages in the bus system 1. For the rest, the bus system 2 of this third embodiment corresponds to the bus system 1 of the first embodiment.
    [0014] All the above described developments of the bus system 1, 2 of the participant stations 10, 20, 30, 50 and the method according to the three exemplary embodiments can be used separately or in combination. In addition, the following modifications can be envisaged.
    [0015] The bus system 1, 2 described above corresponding to the three exemplary embodiments is described in the case of a bus system applying the CAN protocol. The bus system 1, 2 according to the three exemplary embodiments can also operate according to another type of communication network. It is advantageous, but not essential, that in each bus system 1, 2 at least for a predetermined period of time, there is an exclusive collision-free access of a participant station 10, 20, 30, 50 to the line bus 40 or a common channel of the bus line 40. The bus system 1, 2 according to the three exemplary embodiments is in particular that of a CAN network or a CAN-FD network or else of a LIN network or a Flexray network. The number and arrangement of the participant stations 10, 20, 30, 50 in the bus systems 1, 2 according to the three exemplary embodiments is arbitrary. In particular, the three exemplary embodiments may only have participant stations 10 or participant stations 30 or even participant stations 50 according to the three exemplary embodiments in the bus system 1, 2. the three exemplary embodiments may have only participant stations 10 or participant stations 30 or even participant stations 50 in the bus system 1, 2 according to the three exemplary embodiments. In order to achieve an even higher data rate, within the CAN frame CAN messages 41, 42, 43 can be transmitted with data transmission in a manner analogous to the data transmission protocol, such as Ethernet example. The functionality of the exemplary embodiments described above can also be integrated in a transmitter or a transceiver or transmitter or in a CAN transmitter or on-chip on-chip transmitter or on-chip CAN transmitter or a control device. communication 11 and others.
    [0016] In addition or alternatively, it can be integrated into an existing product. In particular, it is possible to realize the relevant functionality either in the transmitter as a separate electronic component (Chip) or as a global integrated solution with only one electronic component (Chip) .10 NOMENCLATURE OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS 1 Bus system / system CAN bus / CAN-FD bus system 10, 20, 30 Participant station 11 Communication control installation 12 Verification installation 13 Memory installation 14 Error handling installation 15 Transmitter / receiver installation 16 Memory installation 40 Bus line 41, 42, 43 Message 130 List 411, 421, 431 Message identifier20
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1 °) Station participants (10; 30; 50) of a bus system (1;
    [0002]
    2) comprising: an installation (15) for receiving a message (41, 42, 43) from at least one other participant station of the bus system (1; 2) via the bus system (1; 2); ) which at least from time to time provides an exclusive collision-free access of a participant station (10, 20, 30, 50) to a bus line (40) of the bus system (1, 2), an installation of checking (12) to check whether the received message (41; 42; 43) is or is not intended for the participant station (10; 30; 50), and an error processing facility (14) for processing the error of the received message (41, 42, 43) if verification by the verification facility (12) shows that the received message (41; 42; 43) is destined for the participant station (10; 30; 50) . 2) a participant station (10; 30; 50) according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification facility (12) checks whether the message (41; 42; 43) has a predefined bit pattern which shows that the received message (41, 42, 43) is or is not intended for the participant station (10; 30; 50).
    [0003]
    The participant station (10; 30; 50) according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification facility (12) performs its verification using the message identifier (411; 421; 431). contained in the received message (41; 42; 43).
    [0004]
    4 °) participant station (10; 30,50) according to claim 3, characterized in that the verification facility (12) eliminates in its verification the messages (41; 42; 43) for the participant station (10). ; 30; 50) having a message identifier (411; 421; 431) whether or not having a predefined bit pattern; 5) a participant station (10; 30,50) according to claim 1, characterized in that error processing facility (14) does not perform error processing if the verification by the verification facility (12) shows that the received message (41; 42; 43) is not intended for the station of the participants (10; 30; 50) and transmits an error frame (141) if the verification by the verification facility (12) shows that the received message (41; 42; the participant station (10; 30; 50) and the error processing facility (14) recognizes an error in the received message (41; 42; 43). The participant station (10; 30,50) according to claim 1, characterized in that the verification facility (12) transmits the message identifier (411; 421; 431) contained in the message (41; 42; 43) of the participant station (10; 30; 50) to a communication control facility (11) of the participant station (10; 30; 50) for setting the instants for detecting a bit of the message (41; 42; 43) according to the message identifier (411; 421; 431) of the participant station (10; 30; 50), identifier contained in the message (41; 42; 43). The participant station (10; 30; 50) according to claim 1, characterized in that the facility (15) is a transceiver facility which further transmits a message (41; 42; the bus system (1, 2) to at least one other participant station of the bus system (1; 2), the message (41; 42; 43) having a predefined bit pattern in the message identifier ( 411; 421; 431). 8 °) bus system (1; 2), comprising: a bus line (40), and at least two participant stations (10; 20; 30; 50) connected by the bus line (40) for communicating between they, at least one of the two participant stations (10; 20; 30; 50) is a participant station (10; 30; 50) according to one of the preceding claims. A method for increasing the data rate in a bus system (1; 2) comprising the steps of: receiving by a transceiver facility (15) from the participant station (10; 30; 50) a message (41; 42; 43) from another participant station of the bus system (1; 2) through the bus system (1; 2) which at least from time to time provides exclusive access without collision of a participant station (10; 20; 30; 50) to a bus line (40) of the bus system (1; 2), check with a verification facility (12) whether the message received (41) 42, 43) is or is not intended for the participant station (10; 30; 50), and processes the error using an error processing facility (14) in the received message only if the verification done the verification facility (12) shows that the received message (41; 42; 43) is intended for the participant station (10; 30; 50). Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the verification device (12) uses a memory device (13) when connecting and disconnecting the error processing device (14), and the memory facility (13) or other memory facility (16) is used to check whether predefined received messages (41; 42; 43) have been deleted for the participant stations (10; 20; other reasons than for error handling.
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014202826.4A|DE102014202826A1|2014-02-17|2014-02-17|Subscriber station for a bus system and method for increasing the data rate of a bus system|
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